Threads from Henry's Web

Category: Bible Passages

  • Psalm 23:5 – A Table

    Psalm 23:5 – A Table

    You prepare a table for me in front of my enemies;
    You anoint my head with oil;
    My cup is overflowing.

    The imagery of this verse is vigorous and encouraging. All the elements of being cared for by someone else at a meal or social occasion are presented.

    As is often the case, there are many directions one can go in meditating on a passage as rich as this one. For example, one might discuss the importance of all this blessing and care happening in sight of one’s enemies.

    But it occurred to me how this verse illustrates a great deal of scripture.

    At creation, God puts the human he has created in a garden, and in Genesis 2:16 lets him know that all this is prepared for food. The fellowship of God with people centers here not around a meal, but rather around the full supply of all humanities needs.

    Here’s a description from the book Take and Eat by TK Dunn:

    In Genesis 1 and 2, God made humanity in his image and likeness to be his regent over creation, exercising a delegated authority over the created order to ensure that each animal knew its place and had what it needed to survive. God had, in the garden, promised to provide sufficient food for all of creation, and Adam and Eve were told to enjoy it and “take and eat” of his bountiful supplies so that they would have the energy and ability to fulfil their work and tasks in the garden. No matter where they went, there were plants and trees with sufficient nutritiousness for their daily needs. God’s provision was more than enough: It was plentiful. And it was varied so that there would be different tastes, textures, and concoctions to delight the tastebuds and entice the senses. Eden was more than a sinless paradise; it was to be a chef ’s paradise. And God, as a smiling, doting, compassionate father,
    looking down at the creation he deemed “very good” said to Adam and Eve, “take and eat.”

    TK Dunn, Take and Eat, p. 61

    I picture this verse as describing the same sort of relationship between God and humanity, and the same sort of care, comfort, and security.

    Of course, Genesis 2 is followed by Genesis 3, and people find themselves less aware of God’s presence and more seriously impacted by the hardships of life.

    This is one reason I deeply appreciate the sacrament of Holy Communion. In it we are reminded that God is the provider and invites us to partake with him in this meal. It points backward to what we were.

    It also points forward to what we will be.

    Revelation 20 introduces us to the Marriage Supper of the Lamb. We come from a time when we had close fellowship with God in a garden, and we are heading toward a feast.

    You may be wondering about the tie-in to the garden, but just as in the Garden of Eden there was a tree of life so Revelation 22 introduces us to the new Tree of Life.

    In the meantime, we serve a God who prepares a table and offers fellowship.

    Keep looking up today!

  • Psalm 23:4 – With Me

    Psalm 23:4 – With Me

    Even though I’m walking in a deadly dark valley
    I will fear no evil, for you are with me.
    Your scepter and your staff give me comfort.

    The words are few, but the message is deep. Even with God guiding us, we will find ourselves going through times of trouble and darkness. We will be in places where we will wonder what happens next. Journeying with God is not a constant triumphal parade in which everything that happens to us appears and feels glorious.

    God’s scepter and staff (rod and staff – KJV), meaning is authority and his support and presence give us the ability to live through the times of deep darkness and the fear of the shadow of death. God is there.

    This is a message (I think the message) in the book of Job. When God appears, 38 chapters in, God provides no answers to Job’s questions. God dismisses everything from the third through the 37th chapter.

    “Who is this that darkens counsel by words without knowledge?” God asks Job. Then he proceeds to ask Job questions. When the speech is done, Job responds,

    I had heard of you by the hearing of the ear,
    but now my eye sees you;
    therefore I despise myself,
    and repent in dust and ashes.

    Job 42:5-6 (NRSV)

    But even there, God changes the tune as he tells Job’s friends that they have not spoken of him in the right way, as his servant Job has done.

    It’s knowing that God is there that satisfies Job.

    In that deep valley, we can know that God, who, through Christ, is acquainted with our every trial and weakness (Hebrews 2:10-11 & 4:14-16). Like Job, we will try to find reassurance that God is actually hearing us and aware of our situation, but we have the assurance.

    I like the description of God, originated by process philosopher Alfred North Whitehead, as the “fellow-sufferer who understands.” There’s some more to this view of God, however. Let me quote Bruce Epperly, author of the book Messy Incarnation, which I publish:

    God is the fellow sufferer who understands and the joyful heart who celebrates. God cries along with the Bethlehem mothers, mourning the slaughter of their children. God experiences the hopelessness of parents separated from their children to fulfill the campaign promises of a self-interested political leader. God feels the terror of a child running for his life in a war-torn land and the panic of an adult on the streets of Minneapolis, Minnesota, crying for mercy, “I can’t breathe.” God places you on God’s knees in prayerful embracing. God never places God’s knee on your spiritual neck!

    Bruce Epperly, Messy Incarnation, p. 37

    I would like to emphasize here that God suffers with all sufferers, not just those we manage to care about. God loves the world and feels the pain brought about by evil. God’s caring is not limited and conditional as ours so often is.

    Yes, God can even care for me,. one who so often forgets, fails to recognize, and lives as though caring was optional and occasional. Even while writing this, there was a call to care, and it annoyed me. I acted, but not with grace. Yet God still cares and walks with me.

    Who is God calling you to care more for today?

  • Psalm 23:3 – Back to Life

    Psalm 23:3 – Back to Life

    He revives me.
    He leads me in the right paths,
    for his name’s sake.

    I would like to frame this verse between two others.

    So the LORD God formed the human of dust from the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the human became a living being.

    Genesis 2:7, my translation

    And …

    You hide your face and they are confounded.
    You take back their breath and they perish,
    and the return to their dust.
    You send out your breath [spirit] and they are created,
    and you renew the face of the ground.

    Psalm 104:28,29, my translation

    There are some words that are very much parallel here, and some that are slightly different. Let’s start with what the human became: A living being. In Hebrew, loosely transliterated, nephesh chayyah. This word nephesh is what is to be renewed or revived in Psalm 23:3.

    The word for “breath,” or wind or spirit is neshama in Genesis 2:7, but ruach in Psalm 104. This word harks back to Genesis 1:2, where the ruach of God is blowing over the waters as the starting point of creation.

    In Ezekiel 37, that ruach is called upon many times, and invited to come in and revive the dry bones (see especially 37:9). This is, of course, a great revival.

    Further, in Psalm 104, the word for “they are created” is bara’, the key word for God’s creation throughout Genesis 1.

    Now I’m not claiming that the Psalmist is quoting or alluding to any of these other passages. But these words would bring certain thoughts to someone who is well acquainted with Hebrew scripture.

    In “he revives (or restores) my soul,” or just “he revives me” God’s creative and sustaining power is invoked. The shepherd is the creator of the universe. The creator of the universe is involved in the details of life, and cares about you.

    Then you are led in established paths. The word suggests tracks or even ruts produced on a wagon trail, a path that is well traveled. He does this for his own sake.

    Now I could say, “not for yours,” but in a very real way, when it’s for God’s sake it is for yours, because as your creator God, a good craftsman, cares about the entire creation, including you. God’s direct involvement is all through Scripture.

    Where is God guiding you today?

  • Psalm 23:2 – Green Grass and Quiet Water

    Psalm 23:2 – Green Grass and Quiet Water

    He makes me lie down in grassy pasture.
    He leads me by quiet water.

    It’s interesting as I translate this for myself to realize that not only will everyone else continue to hear and remember it as it is in the King James Version. I’ll do the same thing. I was repeatedly reminded of that simple fact as I thought about this verse today. No matter what I might be thinking regarding the particular words, those are the words I come back to.

    There is great value in a well-known, traditional passage. We can easily remember it in difficult times. It can come to us when we are distracted. It’s part of our lives and of our being.

    In Deuteronomy 32:2, poetry attributed to Moses, we have a related metaphor:

    2 May my teaching drop like the rain,
    my speech condense like the dew;
    like gentle rain on grass,
    like showers on new growth.
    3 For I will proclaim the name of the LORD;
    ascribe greatness to our God!

    The Holy Bible: New Revised Standard Version (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1989), Dt 32:2–3.

    The “gentle rain on grass” echoes the same word as in this Psalm. Now don’t get the idea that I consider this Psalm primary a metaphor for spiritual things. It is, indeed, a metaphor, portraying God’s care for us as the care of a shepherd who finds good pasture for his flock. But it represents something concrete: God’s general care for our needs.

    How can these words fall on us like light rain on grass?

    Only if we let them, and many others become familiar, just like the words of this Psalm. God’s word, in many forms, requires more than a few moments of our time, yet is also something that can be with us at any time in a gentle, natural way.

    If you haven’t memorized any verses of scripture, this Psalm is a good place to start. With the word embedded in your mind, it can fall like that gentle rain. “Green pastures” can mean so many things, starting with a time to just sit down on some actual grass and actually rest.

    Where will you find a moment in green pasture, by quiet waters today?

  • Psalm 23:1 – The Shepherd

    Psalm 23:1 – The Shepherd

    The LORD is my shepherd,
    I shall not lack anything.

    This initial verse is very compact in Hebrew, and the poet uses that to effect. It is, in fact, just four words. It tells us who is watching over us, and the result, not lacking anything.

    I spent some time looking at and thinking about the two parts. The key word in the first part is “shepherd.” Yes, the name of God is there, but the focus is on just who the LORD is in this case.

    This reminded me of a passage from Ezekiel:

    14 I will feed them with good pasture, and the mountain heights of Israel shall be their pasture; there they shall lie down in good grazing land, and they shall feed on rich pasture on the mountains of Israel. 15 I myself will be the shepherd of my sheep, and I will make them lie down, says the Lord GOD. 16 I will seek the lost, and I will bring back the strayed, and I will bind up the injured, and I will strengthen the weak, but the fat and the strong I will destroy. I will feed them with justice.

    The Holy Bible: New Revised Standard Version (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1989), Eze 34:14–16

    .Ezekiel is given a message to speak against the shepherds of Israel, those who allowed Israel to go astray, or even themselves led them astray. These words are spoken from the exile in Babylon, the result of this straying.

    The shepherds were put in place precisely to prevent this sort of thing, and the LORD calls them out for their failure. The solution? The LORD himself will take over the job of shepherding the people to make sure that they are, in fact, well cared for.

    I read this Ezekiel passage in two senses. One is of comfort. Despite the failures of human beings everywhere and all the time, God will find a way to care for those needing care. At the same time, I hear the message to the shepherds, to those who have a responsibility of giving care. What happens when you neglect those duties?

    Then there is the question of what happens when the sheep fail to follow the shepherd. As we learned from our final study on Psalm 119:176, that is the time when the call is for God to seek the straying sheep.

    And then we come to the idea of “want” or “lack.” In modern English we tend to use “want” less for the sense of things we lack, and more for stating desires. I play on this in a short free verse post on my Jevlir Caravansary blog. We’re always wanting something, but what is it that we really lack?

    I was interested in the variety of things one might lack. Uses of this word occur in Ecclesiastes 10:3 for someone who lacks sense. Have you ever considered that with the Lord as your shepherd, you won’t lack for good sense? Doubtless you’ll have times when you don’t use it, but good sense (and wisdom [James 1:5]) are available.

    As show in 1 Kings 17:14 & 16, the widow’s oil never lacked while Elijah was staying with her. The same word is used. The Hebrew word, much like its English counterpart, can be used for a variety of types of lack. Do we consider who our shepherd is when our lack is emotional?

    The shepherd is the shepherd of our souls and our bodies, and is with us through everything.

    What do you lack?

  • Introducing Psalm 23

    Introducing Psalm 23

    Who needs an introduction to Psalm 23? It’s one of the most familiar passages in the Bible. That’s likely why my wife suggested it as a starting point. With that challenge, I’ll be continuing the process I used for Psalm 119, and doing a post on one verse per day.

    Overview

    Bob MacDonald, in Seeing the Psalter, specializes to some extent in seeing Psalms in the context of the Psalter. I like his comment on Psalm 23.

    After the theophany of Psalm 18, the warmth of Psalm 19, the prayer of Psalm 20 and its response (Psalm 21) and the turmoil of Psalm 22, what does the tension and resolution of Psalm 23 tell us? The gift of the shepherd acting in leadership and correct is, we may say, satisfactory.

    Bob MacDonald, Seeing the Psalter, p. 84

    Psalm 23 is one of the more settled and peaceful Psalms, rejoicing in God’s presence and protection, and filled with assurance. Many Psalms are set in troubled times, so that we hear the distress before we hear an affirmation of God’s care, if we hear that at all.

    Another book I publish, The Heart Cries Out, says of Psalm 23,

    The 23rd Psalm epitomizes our ideal relationship with God. We want God to be our good Shepherd, guiding us through green pastures and calling us beside still waters. We want God to be with us as we go through that dark and lonely valley, even the shadow of death. Moses was a shepherd, tending the flock of his father-in-law Jethro, when he encountered the burning bush and heard the voice of God. Young David was a shepherd tending his father’s flock when the prophet Samuel called him to be king of Israel and the slayer of Goliath. Rulers and leaders of Israel are challenged to be shepherds of their nation. Jesus is the Good Shepherd, laying down his life the sake of his sheep. The title “pastor” comes from the Latin word for shepherd. We want this Psalm to be our psalm.

    David Moffett-Moore, The Heart Cries Out, p. 25

    My own introductory thoughts are not so historical, nor do they reflect experience as a shepherd. Well, some experience with animals, yes, but not as a shepherd. There have been books written by actual shepherds. I like reading that sort of thing, but it’s not my own approach. In fact, I like what I read in the International Critical Commentary on the Psalms (Charles Augustus Briggs and Emilie Grace Briggs, published by Charles Scribner’s Sons in 1906). They suggest that only the first four lines of the Psalm are about a shepherd, and that the remainder switches to a trail guide and then to a host.

    The experience that came to mind for me was of my goats back when I was about 12 years old. I had four goats. I milked them and sold the milk, but they were also pets and even friends. Out of these goats my special friend was named Carraway.

    The goats would all follow our family if we went for a walk. We lived on a campus where it was possible to do this. It was one of the unusual sights of the place, a family walking with four goats, a dog, and occasionally a cat.

    Now there were some places where I liked to take a rougher path over a hill and meet the family on the road on the other side. Three of the goats, the dog, and (if applicable) the cat, would go with the rest of the family. But no sooner would I separate from the group than Carraway would break away as well and follow me up whatever hill or over whatever fence. She was really good at getting over, under, or through fences.

    We talk about the shepherd and the sheep, and how the shepherd hunts for the lost sheep. But there’s also the way in which the sheep follow the shepherd, much like Carraway followed me. There is a value in sticking close to the one who takes care of you. There is great benefit likewise for us in doing our best to stay close to the shepherd.

    As we read at the end of Psalm 119, we have gone astray like lost sheep, and our hope is in the shepherd finding us. But spiritual growth involves doing what we can to follow, even on the harder paths. There will be steep hills and fences, but those are things to overcome, not to stop us.

    So, ignoring metaphors like the sheep and the goats, in which the goats get a bad rap, my Psalm 23 starts with following the example of Carraway the goat.

    I sure do miss her even now!

    (Featured image generated by Adobe Firefly.)

  • Psalm 119:176 – Seek Me

    Psalm 119:176 – Seek Me

    I have strayed like a lost sheep.
    Seek your servant,
    for I do not forget your commands.

    We have come to the last verse. For me, that’s 176 posts in as many days, each a meditation on one verse of Psalm 119.

    This verse serves as an excellent conclusion to the Psalm, though it doesn’t really introduce a great deal that is new.

    I think there are two critical points that are emphasized by its placement at the end, and its message.

    First, we are again reminded that this is not a Psalm of self-sufficiency. It is not about telling God how wonderful you are, and how you, on your own, are going to get everything right. Sometimes verses from this Psalm are taught in that way, but if seen in the framework of the entire Psalm, the message is clear. The law is of great value. Keeping it is a good thing, but the life giver, and the one who makes righteousness possible is the one who gave the law.

    “I have gone astray like a lost sheep,” says the poet of the law, much like the ordinary human acknowledges, “I have not kept my New Year’s resolutions” in the middle of January. In neither case does it mean the resolutions were bad or that it wouldn’t have been a good idea to keep them. It’s just that we’re all human. We all fail. We all need someone to seek us.

    The Psalmist of the Law, knew who that was. It was the same God who gave the law in the first place. The lawgiver is also your savior and protector.

    Second, we are again reminded of the value of the law itself. While the law cannot replace the lawgiver in any way, it is not a bad thing. In fact, it is a great thing.

    I thought about whether the Psalmist might be saying that God should look for him because he did not forget. But it seems to me more likely that he’s indicating why he would pray that God would seek him. He doesn’t forget God’s commands. He is grateful to the lawgiver. He wants to be found.

    We have a tendency to diminish the law in a number of ways. One way is to imagine the law can take the place of the lawgiver, that just keeping the law is all we need. Oh, it’s a tall order, but even if we could manage to keep all the law for a day, this would still not mean we reached God’s glorious purpose. It would, in fact, be the pursuit of an idol.

    “What!” you exclaim.

    Setting something less than God as an object of worship is idolatry. God has so much more than the accomplishment of a checklist for us. Putting the law in place of God is to worship mediocrity. In fact, all idolatry is worshiping and pursuing something less than what God has in mind.

    It’s our most common form of wandering.

    As you go forward today, pray the prayer of this verse. “Seek your servant!”

  • Psalm 119:175 – Let Me Live

    Psalm 119:175 – Let Me Live

    Let me live so I can praise you,
    and let your judgments help me.

    This is an interesting expression, especially as we come to the end of this Psalm. The entire Psalm is giving praise for the order brought to human existence by God’s actions-instruction, law, judgment, precept, testimony, statute. These various expressions combine to give praise for who God provides order in the universe and also order in human lives.

    The Psalm is anything but legalistic if you pay attention to it as a whole. If you base an accusation of legalism on the number of references made to the law, you are missing the poetic effect. The Psalmist praises God for all this and he also determines to keep all these laws, but then he’ll mention the fact that he knows he fails and ask God to be with him.

    In this next to last verse, we have the expression of praise for a God who gives life. “Let me live,” is the cry of many. Even if you are feeling very self-sufficient, there will be moments of disease, or impending disaster, of simple awareness of all the things that could go wrong. At such moments, you will likely cry out, whether to God or into the void, “Let me live!”

    The second line of the verse fills this out with another hope, that all of God’s judgments will be in our favor. This is again a common cry in scripture, because we know that we often slip up and need mercy. There is a famous “sinner’s prayer” which is a prayer for salvation. But there is an even better sinner’s prayer: “Lord, be merciful to me, a sinner!”

    This is a theme that is woven all through scripture. We may fail, but God’s mercy does not.

    The steadfast love of the LORD never ceases,
    his mercies never come to an end;
    they are new every morning;
    great is your faithfulness.

    Lamentations 3:22-23 (NRSV)

    This is a very famous verse, constantly quoted, but it comes from a book justifiably titled “Lamentations.” Let’s look at a couple of verses just a bit before:

    The thought of my affliction and my homelessness
    is wormwood and gall!
    My soul ccocntinually thinks of it
    and is bowed down within me,
    But this I call to mind,
    and therefore I have hope:

    Lamentations 3:19-21 (NRSV)

    What follows, of course, is the passage I quoted earlier.

    When trouble comes, when you’re burdened by affliction, homelessness, or maybe just besetting doubt, remember this:

    It is the LORD who gives you life, and the LORD’s judgment is going to favor you because you are God’s child.

  • Psalm 119:174 – Delight

    Psalm 119:174 – Delight

    I long for your salvation, LORD,
    and your instruction is my delight.

    Salvation is a word with varied meanings. One can be saved from a simple misstep by some good advice. One can be saved from death by a rescuer. One can be saved from poverty by some job training and the offer of a good job. Or, as we often use the term in Christianity, one can be “saved,” meaning that they’re going to heaven.

    This last, very common usage of the term is rarely the primary meaning in scripture. Yes, scripture talks about going to heaven, about the resurrection and about new life, but this is not isolated from other things. We can become children of God, but being God’s children is itself an experience of change and growth.

    I often think about the kingdom of heaven as simply God making the Divine presence manifest in the entire universe. If you are ready for that, it’s heaven. If not, it’s hell. Let me be clear that this is a way of thinking, and not a proposal about how reality actually works.

    Still, in scripture, becoming more like God in holiness is always a part of the package. God’s salvation, and delighting in God’s instruction go right together. God has never had a plan that didn’t involve making a holy people.

    It’s important for us to pay attention to the combination of the divine empowerment with human thought and action. Note that I do not mean that salvation is a shared effort, in which the human person contributes part of the power. This is because we start at zero, with every ability we have as a divine gift.

    Wesleyans talk about prevenient grace. What is that? It is simply God’s grace that goes before everything else. You don’t delight in God’s law on your own. That too is God’s gift. You don’t long for God’s salvation on your own. That longing is prevenient grace in action.

    We long for many things along the way, for salvation from physical dangers, from poverty, and from disease. But all these things are the small and limited examples of salvation that prepare us for, and help us to understand the ultimate salvation which is to have the full divine image restored in us.

    When we long for God’s salvation and take delight in God’s instruction, it is two different ways of looking at the whole. We long to reach the destination and we rejoice in the content, in what that destination means.

    Is that longing and that delight driving you today?

  • Psalm 119:173 – Help!

    Psalm 119:173 – Help!

    May your hand help me,
    for I have chosen your precepts.

    There’s a long and hard road between a choice and an accomplishment.

    Psalm 119 is a carefully crafted pattern that, among other things, brings together the idea of doing better, of doing one’s best to keep God’s law, and also the need for God at all times. Because the Psalmist has chosen God’s precepts, he will need God’s help.

    This theme reminds me of Deuteronomy 8:17-18, words which follow mention of the troubles of the wilderness through which God has guided the people of Israel:

    Lest you say to yourself, “I have acquired this wealth [or power] through my strength and through the effectiveness of my own hand.” You will remember the LORD your God, for it is he who has given you the strength to make wealth [or be powerful], so that he can establish his covenant which he swore to your ancestors, just as he does this day.

    My translation

    The word here translated “wealth” has a quite broad semantic range, and I see it as referencing both the existence wealth and possessions and the strength it takes to acquire those possessions and preserve them.

    I made sure to translate one piece literally, the idea that “my own hand” has accomplished this. I did that to contrast this with the view in our passage, which is that is is precisely when one is determined to behave ethically, to live according to a high standard that one must be most aware of how much one needs an outside power.

    This is a very important point to keep in mind, because this is the turning point where one can choose to worship the LORD or go for idolatry, especially the worship of oneself. Self-worship, self absorption, is a primary form of idolatry. Even the worship of other gods, actual images, comes from this point–the selection of a god who is suitable for us.

    Paul Tillich uses the term “conceptual idolatry.” This refers not to bowing down to an image erected in a temple, but rather to an image of God/god we create in our own mind. It’s very easy to worship a lesser god, one not so demanding, one with lower standards. One, most importantly, who will let us worship ourselves through the mental image we make of that god.

    Those who seek power for themselves are easily convinced that they have attained their power by themselves. But even more, they can create a mental image of a God who approves of each and every thing they do.

    The idols need to be smashed. That includes the idols in our minds that approve of everything we do, even if it is wrong.

    If you’re trying to follow God, you’ll find that you need to pray the Psalmist’s prayer. “LORD, let your hand be there to help me!” Without that, quite literally, you don’t have even a prayer!

    At what point today will you acknowledge that everything is in the hand of God?

    (Featured image generated by Adobe Firefly.)